What is a Tariff?
A tariff is a tax applied to goods and services as they cross national borders. There are two types of tariffs: import tariffs, which are charged on goods entering a country, and export tariffs, which are charged on goods leaving that country. Tariffs are set by governments and are paid by importers or exporters, depending on the type. Tariff amounts can be fixed, applying a set fee per unit, or variable, based on the item’s value (ad valorem). Governments use tariffs to generate revenue, regulate foreign trade, protect domestic industries, or support national interests as an extension of foreign policy.